Managing Change in Organisations: Supermarket Case Study

Overseeing Change in Organizations: Supermarket Case Study Meena Bazar one of the chain stores of the Bangladesh which serve in Bangladesh from 2000. Meena Bazar, the principal really national grocery store chain was established with the guarantee of all year. Superstores are set to blast in the nation as the present market players are wanting to open a few hundred additional outlets in the following scarcely any years to adapt to the rising interest from the customers. With a solid 15-20 percent yearly deals development, around 30 organizations with in excess of 200 outlets have just made raid into the business since Rahimafrooz, one of the biggest business bunches in Bangladesh, presented Agora, a chain superstore, in the capital 10 years prior. Qualities of the Meena Bazar is Size considers serious purchasing terms, Strong senior administration, Flexible organizations. Chances of the Meena Bazar are Forming or consolidating a key coalition with providers, Growth of non-food, Growth of accommodation and conservative hypermarket positions, Effective utilization of Clubcard database to build bushel measure and Develop extra administrations. Meena Bazaar can effectively execute the hierarchical culture to the specialist. They have a clothing regulation in the outlets. From this the purchaser can undoubtedly tress out who will serve them and can support them. Another culture is that they are exceptionally mindful about the time. They have a decent hierarchical holding. The best hindrance to adjusting to constant change lies with the administration of individuals as opposed to innovation. In Meena Bazar, the consistent endeavors of compelling usage and use of the HR systems make it workable for the organization to perform well in the market. The expanding benefit yean in and year out is a proof of the fruitful HR practice. Viably using the new assets may require a transition to an item group structure. it might even require scaling back and the end of capacities that are not, at this point vital to the associations strategic. It appears that the serious issue experienced by Meena bazaar is because of the not very many outlets in everywhere throughout the Bangladesh. Furthermore, the issues additionally emerge in view of the deficient information on its administration about the utilization of vital administration and other administration frameworks. Presentation: Meena Bazar one of the chain general stores of the Bangladesh which serve in Bangladesh from 2000. Meena Bazar, the primary genuinely national grocery store chain was established with the guarantee of all year newness, moderate cost, and the most pleasurable and bother free family shopping experience for all. Holding consistent with this conviction, Meena Bazar has caught the hearts of customers everywhere. Because of our persistent extension plans, we are searching for keen, persevering and proactive youngsters to be a piece of our dynamic group. Here the Meena Bazar is the chosen association for the investigation and access this association for the discover our which will assist with doing hitter execution of it. Bangladesh chain superstores divisions: Superstores are set to blast in the nation as the present market players are intending to open a few hundred additional outlets in the following scarcely any years to adapt to the rising interest from the customers. With a solid 15-20 percent yearly deals development, around 30 organizations with in excess of 200 outlets have just made invasion into the business since Rahimafrooz, one of the biggest business bunches in Bangladesh, presented Agora, a chain superstore, in the capital 10 years back. The yearly turnover of the superstores now remains at around Tk 15.0 billion (1500 crore), as indicated by Bangladesh Supermarket Owners Association (BSOA). Bother free shopping condition, sterile products, new vegetables, meat and fish at the grocery stores are acquiring energy about the clients, showcase administrators said. The general store biggies have endeavored the gigantic development drive to draw in the customers, who despite everything rely upon spontaneous wet markets to purchase their day by day basics. They state that an ascent in sorted out retailing would offer the customers sterile nourishments at serious costs, contrasted with those offered by retailers in the kitchen markets, where items are sold for the most part in unhygienic condition. The ascent in the quantity of grocery stores, as per experts, will enhance the selections of customers and lift their spending, so genuinely necessary for financial development, while the wet markets will likewise improve quality and administrations following in the strides of general stores. Be that as it may, 10 years back, the retail-level exchange was in the possession of thousands of little dealers in the wet markets and the basic food item shops in urban communities and stayed out of the focal point of the huge business houses. The scene started to change in 2000 when Rahimafrooz Superstores, working Agora, moved in to hold onto a cut of the retailing and discount exchange, which has been developing at 6 percent, on a normal, every year. In the previous decade, numerous little and enormous grocery stores made presentation, effectively pulling in center and upper white collar class shoppers, a segment of whom are step by step diverting to chain stores from the wet or kitchen markets, superstore administrators state. Dhaka-based Agora presently runs four outlets, Meena Bazar nine remembering seven for Dhaka, PQS five, Prince Bazar two, Nandan five and Swapno 70 including 30 outside the capital. Bangladesh Rifles (BDR) additionally runs 11 stores in the capital. As per administrators, in excess of 600 chain retail outlets are relied upon to be set up in the following five years trying to draw in more clients. With the ongoing opening of an aggregate of 70 branches, ACI has differentiated the retailing business. Presently it intends to open around 500 stores in the nation in the following five years. Mamunur Rashid, showcasing director of PQS, said they are wanting to spread the super shop business by opening three additional stores this year and another 10 in the following a few years. The departmental stores with the principle center around food things running from a wide assortment of fish, meat, vegetables to organic products, pastry shop, dairy and basic food item things likewise offer an immense range of other family unit, individual consideration and various items. Shoppers can purchase as much as about 20,000 results of various types from such a store, the administrators brag. General stores have effectively made a discovery in the urban way of life with the possibility of every single fundamental product under one rooftop. In the beginning of the business, around 500 clients would visit a market outlet every day. Presently somewhere in the range of 5,000 clients go to a store regular, they state. Meena Bazar SWOT Analysis Qualities Size takes into consideration serious purchasing terms Solid senior administration Adaptable arrangements Solid hypermarket portfolio Inclusion the Mega City Dhaka Expanding level of speculation Solid value message and offer at serious cost than the competetors Growing non-food and online offer Effective conveyance Shortcomings Can not spread the outlets everywhere throughout the Bangladesh Expanding topographical spread makes center around explicit Markets troublesome Presented to macroeconomic troubles in certain business sectors Global development requires significant venture High dependence on Dhaka Market Poor CSR and network sway Openings Shaping or consolidating a vital collusion with providers Development of non-food Development of comfort and conservative hypermarket designs Viable utilization of Club card database to expand crate size Build up extra administrations Dangers Faces scope of various contenders globally Expanded degree of eating out Move towards premium doesn't sit with Meena Bazars conventional qualities Prohibitive arranging rules Political restriction to the intensity of stores will in general spotlight on Meena Bazar Vermin Analysis for Meena Bazar (P)olitical Factors For business enactments, the administration urges retailers to give a blend of openings for work from adaptable, lower-paid and privately based employments to profoundly gifted, more generously compensated and midway found occupations. Likewise to satisfy the need from populace classifications, for example, understudies, working guardians and senior residents. Meena Bazar comprehends that retailing greatly affects occupations and individuals factors (new store advancements are frequently observed as decimating different employments in the retail division as customary stores leave business or are compelled to reduce expenses to contend), being an innately nearby and work concentrated area. Meena Bazar utilizes enormous quantities of; understudy, debilitated and old laborers, regularly paying them lower rates. In an industry with an ordinarily high staff turnover, these laborers offer a more elevated level of devotion and consequently speak to alluring workers. (E)conomical Factors Monetary components are of worry to Meena Bazar, since they are probably going to impact request, costs, costs and benefits. One of the most compelling components on the economy is high joblessness levels, which diminishes the viable interest for some merchandise, antagonistically influencing the interest required to create such products. (S)ocial/Cultural Factors Current patterns show that British clients have moved towards one-stop and mass shopping, which is because of an assortment of social changes. Meena Bazar have, in this way, expanded the measure of non-food things ready to move. Segment changes, for example, the maturing populace, an expansion in female specialists and a decrease in home feast readiness imply that Bangladesh retailers are additionally concentrating on included worth items and administrations. Likewise, the center is presently towards; the own-name portion of the business blend, the gracefully chain and other operational upgrades, which can drive costs out of the business. National retailers are progressively hesitant to take on new providers. (T)echnological Factors Innovation is a significant large scale natural variable which has affected the advancement of a considerable lot of the Meena Bazar items. The new advances advantage the two clients and the organization: consumer loyalty rises since merchandise are promptly accessible, administrations can turn out to be more persona

Euro Disney: First 100 Days

The greatest factor that ascribed to Euro Disney’s disappointment is maybe its aspiration of attempting to oblige a wide range of nationalities and taking care of an enormous European populace without recognizing the objective market and further comprehend its amusement inclinations. When all is said in done, Disney should thoroughly consider the assets expected to satisfy its focused on advertise, all the more significantly it ought to figures out what are the key parts that added to Disney’s achievement, and whether these segments are transferable across social limits. The absence of understanding social contrasts has forestalled Disney to practice its center competency of conveying great administrations to its visitors. While certain Disney’s qualities are effectively transferable to Euro Disney, for example, building captivating rides and attractions, making various topics and dreams land, choosing a focal area that are effectively available for visitor, and giving a total get-away bundles by building lovely retreats around amusement park. The core of Disney’s key achievement, be that as it may, exists as far as its can tell and cast member’s cooperations with the visitors. Above all else, Euro Disney doesn't has the assets to convey a similar nature of clients administration as found in the US and Japan, Europeans laborers has distinctive hard working attitudes, and they don't normally reveres the American culture and in this manner are not eager about having the Disney soul to develop inside them. Also, Europeans are habituate to scholarly diversion, and top notch food encounters; which are not what Disney is about. Thirdly, on the grounds that Euro Disney’s endeavor to take into account such a large number of nationality, it has not appropriately characterized its focused on advertise, thusly incapable to modify a framework that works for dominant part of the visitors. All together for Euro Disney to be effective, Disney need to make sense of who the objective clients are, and how might they pull in rehashed visitors or draws new guests. From that point, they can adjust to the way of life, and make bargains to fulfill its clients that satisfies Disney’s guideline.

Controlled Drugs in the Controlled Substance Act

Controlled Drugs in the Controlled Substance Act Addiction Drug Use Print Controlled Drugs in the Controlled Substance Act By Elizabeth Hartney, BSc., MSc., MA, PhD Elizabeth Hartney, BSc, MSc, MA, PhD is a psychologist, professor, and Director of the Centre for Health Leadership and Research at Royal Roads University, Canada. Learn about our editorial policy Elizabeth Hartney, BSc., MSc., MA, PhD Updated on January 20, 2020  Moussa81 / Getty Images More in Addiction Drug Use Cocaine Heroin Marijuana Meth Ecstasy/MDMA Hallucinogens Opioids Prescription Medications Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery In This Article Table of Contents Expand 5 Schedules of Drugs Schedule I Drugs Schedule II Drugs Schedule III Drugs Schedule IV Drugs Schedule V Drugs View All Back To Top Controlled drugs are substances that are controlled under the Controlled Substances Act (CSA). This act categorizes all substances, which are regulated under federal law into “schedules,” depending on how potentially dangerous they are. 5 Schedules of Drugs The five “schedules” of drugs, detailed below, should not be confused with the five “classes” of drugs, a different way of organizing drugs according to their main properties. The five classes of drugs are narcotics, depressants, stimulants, hallucinogens, and anabolic steroids. The schedule the drug is placed under depends on its medical use, its potential for abuse, and its safety or how easily people become dependent on it. Careful consideration has gone into this categorization. The control of drugs through law exists to protect people from the harm that these drugs can do. It is based on research from many different sources into the potential harmfulness of the drug, both to individuals and to society. The Many Potential Legal Ramifications for Using Drugs Schedule I Drugs Schedule I drugs or substances have a high potential for abuse. They currently have no federally accepted medical use in treatment in the United States, and there is a lack of accepted safety for use of the drug or other substance under medical supervision. Examples of Schedule I substances include heroin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), marijuana, gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB), and methaqualone. Schedule II Drugs Schedule II drugs or other substance also have a high potential for abuse. They differ from Schedule I drugs in that they do have a currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United States or a currently accepted medical use with severe restrictions. Abuse of schedule II drugs may lead to severe psychological or physical dependence. Examples of Schedule II substances include morphine, phencyclidine (PCP), cocaine, methadone, and methamphetamine. Schedule III Drugs Schedule III drugs or other substances have less potential for abuse than the drugs or other substances in Schedules I and II. They have a currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United States. Abuse of the drug or other substance may lead to moderate or low physical dependence or high psychological dependence. Examples of Schedule III substances include Anabolic steroids, codeine and hydrocodone with aspirin or Tylenol, and some barbiturates. Schedule IV Drugs The drug or other substance has a low potential for abuse relative to the drugs or other substances in Schedule III. The drug or other substance has a currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United States. Abuse of the drug or other substance may lead to limited physical dependence or psychological dependence relative to the drugs or other substances in Schedule III. Examples of drugs included in Schedule IV are Darvon, Talwin, Equanil, Valium, and Xanax. Schedule V Drugs The drug or other substance has a low potential for abuse relative to the drugs or other substances in Schedule IV. The drug or other substance has a currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United States. Abuse of the drug or other substances may lead to limited physical dependence or psychological dependence relative to the drugs or other substances in Schedule IV. Examples of Schedule V drugs include cough medicines with codeine. Is It Actually Illegal to Use Drugs Without a Prescription?

The Creation of Israel was the Turning Point - 2997 Words

Following the partition plan in 1947, the state of Israel was created in 1948. I will be discussing the extent to which the creation of Israel was a turning point throughout a hundred year period. The conflict can be split up into 3 different strands which include: Arab Israeli, Palestinian-Israeli, Western involvement. The Arab-Israeli conflict is the regional conflict that erupts in 1948 when the newly created Arab states invade Israel and is partially resolved by 1996. The Palestinian-Israeli conflict is the local conflict throughout the 100 year period between the native Palestinians and the Israeli’s, it is still unresolved. Western involvement represents the foreign nations that were associated in the conflict. My main argument is that the creation of Israel was the principle turning point for the Arab-Israeli dispute strand because; it transformed a civil war to an interstate conflict. I also feel that it was the principle turning point for the Palestinian-Israeli stran d because, it saw a huge change in policy and led to the dissolution of the Palestinian people with many fleeing into surrounding Arab nations, this is known as the Palestinian problem. The Suez crisis was the pivotal moment for the Western Involvement strand because it saw a new era with the start of the Cold War’s influence in the Arab-Israeli conflict. The creation of Israel meant that the Israeli’s were able to fulfil their long term aspiration of creating their own state, which had been fuelled byShow MoreRelatedThe Treaty Of The Old Testament1718 Words   |  7 Pagesmake a promise, or make a covenant with them. However, an important distinction needs to be made here. A promise can be broken without severe consequence. 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Consumer Attitudes Towards Growth Of Amana Takaful Insurance - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2248 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Statistics Essay Did you like this example? Changing consumer attitude towards growth of Amana Takaful Insurance Introduction The need for safety and security is very basic to human nature. In todayà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s, world one cannot think of trade and commerce without insurance. No financial planning and risk management can be complete without life insurance. The concept of insurance as it evolved initially was an arrangement of mutual help in times of need and distress rather than a business proposition for risk management as practiced today. Takaful is derived from an Arabic word which means solidarity, whereby a group of participants agree among themselves to support one another jointly against defined loss. In a Takaful arrangement, the participants contribute a sum of money as wholly or partially tabarruà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ (donation) into a common fund, which will be used mutually to assist the members against a defined loss or damage (Islamic finance service board report 2006) Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Consumer Attitudes Towards Growth Of Amana Takaful Insurance" essay for you Create order Takaful is a risk management concept that is based on mutuality and partnership. When simply translated Takaful means Joint Guarantee in which several parties are involved. It brings people together in a joint effort towards safeguarding the interests of all by pooling in their donations so that the unfortunate few may benefit from the contributions of fellowmen. Thus, they become joint owners of the fund and help safeguard its interests. The rise of Takaful was due to the perennial need for a scheme of insurance void of interest, uncertainty and chance to be replaced with transparency, justness and mutual benefit. Takaful is an Islamic insurance concept which is firmly grounded in Islamic financial principles, observing the rules and regulations of Islamic law. This concept has been practiced in various forms for over 1400 years. (https://www.takaful.lk/takaful_conceptnew.php) Amana Takaful insurance started its operation on 1998 pioneering the Takaful concept in Srilanka. Currently company offers both General and Family insurance solutions. Listed in the Colombo stock exchange and operations have expanded to many part of the country and also in Maldives. Amana Takaful is the first insurance company in Srilanka to pioneer the process of refunding surplus at the end of each policy term. (Amana Takaful Annual Report 2009) The need of Takaful is currently felt in the market with the introduction of many Islamic financial solutions as well as dedicated Islamic financial Units among the conventional institutions; recently the numbers have been on increasing trend. Presently Amana Takaful insurance provider in the country and has been in the forefront of spreading the word of the Takaful way of insurance that has grown to be liked by many and revered by all for more than 10years. Peoples awareness about the Takaful industry in the country has increased during the last decade. Currently Takaful has 18 branches in the country and fully fledge operation in Maldives. With the current peaceful situation in the country economy is expected to grow and Oppurtunities for insurance industry growth is very high. To reap the benefit of the current development Amana Takaful insurance should be equipped with all the resources to face challenges posed by the market. The purpose The purpose of the research is to explore the mechanism to change consumer attitude towards growth of Amana Takaful insurance. Goals of research To identify the reason for customer purchase of Takaful Oppurtunities for Takaful Insurance To Identify The challenges in the market To Identify the required changes in the company for growth Importance of the issue Currently only Takaful operator in the country and being in operation for ten years company profit margin remains very low comparatively to the conventional competitors. Identification of core cause of the situation will be beneficial to plan in long term and identify the appropriate future direction of the company. Literature Review According to Billah (2001) the objective of Takaful is to diversify the risk among the members. In a practical sense, Takaful can be visualized as a method of joint guarantee among participants against loss and damage that may be inflicted upon any of them. The members of the group agree to guarantee jointly that should any of them suffer a catastrophe received certain amount of money to meet the loss and damage Islam aims at establishing a peaceful society. Peace in the society can be ensured only when there is guarantee against à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Riskà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ (subsistence) for all individual constituting the fund-pooling institute. Insurance is to act as a risk transfer mechanism, to provide peace of mind and protect against losses. Either can handle risk: assumption, combination, transfer, or loss prevention activities. Insurance schemes utilize the combination method by persuading a large number of individuals to pool their risks into a large group to minimize overall riskà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? (Ali, 2000). According to Al-Omar (1996) the risk sharing is very important with in Islamic finance. The shariahà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s manages the risk sharing by insisting on the use of well- defined contracts when financial transactions taken place. The contract is to be clear and well formulated to avoid all kinds of misunderstanding and confusion. In this way the uncertainty is lowered and the desire to minimize the risk is met Conventional insurance and Takaful has certain operational differences According to Archer Abdel (2002) the shariahà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s does not allow certain condition as interest (riba) and gambling or speculation (maysir). From shariahà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s point of view, business and investments made by Muslims must be conducted in responsible and committed way. Further describing the distinctions Billah (2001) describes the distinction between the conventional insurance and Takaful business is more visible with respect to investment of funds. While insurance companies invest their funds in interest-based avenues and without any regard for the concept of Halal-o-Haram. Takaful companies undertake only shariah compliant business and the profits are distributed in accordance with the initially agreed ratios in the Takaful contract. Likewise they share in any surplus or loss from the pool collectively. Takaful system has a built-in mechanism to counter any over-pricing policies of the insurance companies, because whatever premium charged, the surplus would normally go back to the participants in proportion to their contributions. The nature of the principles of Takaful is different from the conventional insurance because all the operation in Takaful is in line with the Shariah principles. The operation of Takaful is based on the principle of Al - Mudhuraba which is profit and loss sharing techniques which is alternative to interest (Riba) in Conventional Insurance. In Takaful the element of uncertainty is eliminated as subscription and compensation is concerned Takaful in Srilanka Presently Amana Takaful is the only provider of Takaful insurance products and services to the market. Amana Takaful insurance has been in the forefront of spreading the word of the Takaful way of insurance that has grown to be liked by many and revered by all for more than 10years. Peoples awareness about the Takaful industry in the country has increased during the last decade. The versatility of the product range is also a strength that helped to satisfy the needs of customer. Currently Takaful industry lacks an strong and highly capitalized market to meet the growing demand of customers. Sixteen (16) of them are composite companies, Seven (07) of them engage in only General Insurance business and two (02) companies engage only in Long Term (Life). Currently , 43 insurance broking companies were registered with the IBSL in terms of Section 82 of the Act. Insurance Broking companies and Insurance Agents as intermediaries have made a valuable contribution to the industry. Presently the tariff is not observed in the market by the insurers. The gross written premium from Long Term (Life) and General Insurance Business in 2009 is added up to Rs.57,919 Million. In the year 2008, the overall gross written premium was Rs.58,166 Million. Corporate Governance Practice Generally, corporate governance in Islamic insurance institutions distinguish in many forms to that of its conventional counterparts, most importantly Islamic finance institutions need to ensure that they comply with the Shariah (Islamic law) meaning that unlike secular governance practices Shariah would first examine at the transactional structure to find whether the process involves any activities or elements that contradict the profits generation. Also Islamic insurance institutions must invite customers to contribute an active role in the governance process. Regulatory and legislative issues The insurance industry is regulated in terms of the provisions of the Regulation of Insurance Industry Act,No.43 of 2000 (RII Act). The Insurance Board of Sri Lanka (IBSL) was established under this Act in order to develop, supervise and regulate the insurance industry in Sri Lanka. Over the past year, the IBSL has embarked upon several activities to develop, supervise and regulate the insurance industry with a view to ensuring that the best interest of the Policy-holders and potential Policy à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" holders. During the previous year IBSL has strengthened its monitoring process in order to ensure the financial stability of insurance companies and insurance brokers.By virtue of powers vested in the IBSL in terms of Section 15 of the Act, eighteen (18) Insurance Companies (Insurers) registered with the Insurance Board of Sri Lanka (IBSL), are presently underwriting insurance business. Methodology The method which will be used for the research is a combination of qualitative and quantitative. (van Maanen,1983) defined the qualitative method as an array of interpretive techniques which seek to describe, decode, translate and otherwise come to terms with the meaning , not the frequency of certain more or less naturally occurring phenomena in the social world. (Orna and Stevens,1995) describe research can be regarded as being à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"searching by means of careful, critical investigation in order to discover something specificà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢. In addition analytical and comparative approaches to research will also be applied where Appropriate by conducting scrutiny on relevant documentation with reasonable broad and in-depth study of the subject matter and making some comparison where necessary. This is to ensure coverage on the locus and focus of the issue under-studied are reasonably justified in holistic nature and thus retaining the scientific characteristics of this study (Mohd Nasir, 2004) Sampling Frame The population that has been identified in this study are the customers , employees, insurance users , financial institutes and potential population to insurance products. Quantitative research is justified here because the findings are expected to be representative of the target population. The larger the sample is, the more likely the results will be representative of a larger population (Rose et al, 2005; Saunders et al, 2000, p.155). The chosen sample, the method of data collection, the time requirements and the financial limitations. Judgemental sampling is a form of convenience sampling based on the judgement of the research in the selection of a relevant respondent to the study (Malhotra Birks, 2006, p.364). Both methods have also been chosen based on their small cost and time requirements (Saunders et al, 2000, p.177). Judgement will be used to analyse the individual motives to Islamic financial products Data collection Method Questionnaire will be design and use for gathering information required and further In order to establish the trueness of this assertion, interviews will be conducted with the sample. Field study using observation and interviews approaches will also be carried out in an effort to validate the above assertion in the hypothesis and thus ensuring the reliability of the findings from this study. The interviews were aimed at getting into the insight of the understudied issue from the perspective of the operators, users, regulators and both external and internal auditors. Secondary Research Research will involve secondary research and data will be gathered using sources such as journal articles, trade press and the internet. The aim will be to explore the mechanism and the possibilities of converting customers toward Amana Takaful insurance. Data collection process Two techniques used for data collection and questionnaire completion will be conducted through Emails and questionnaire delivery/collection techniques. Questionnaires delivered via email are easy to administer and to return. It also is cost advantageous. Email also guarantees that the respondent is representative of the target population. This technique also has the advantage of being more secure in terms of control, access and response (Witmer et al.,1999) and (Saunders et al., 2000). The other technique used is the delivery/collection of questionnaires was direct face to face interview with the sample population. Limitations The major limitation of this study is the methodology used for the sample, the research design, questionnaire design and the data collection. The sample can be seen as one key limitation for this paper in terms of representation and size. Even though the sample chosen limit the irrelevance of the findings, other demographics should have been considered. This would have allowed the results to be more representative of a broader scale. In addition, the size of the sample makes conclusions on open to critique. A large sample would have been tougher to get while including participants from different backgrounds and demographics, though it might have increased the relevance of the findings and the overall credibility of the research. Conducting quantitative research alone can be seen as a limitation as well. The validity of the results from the questionnaires would be better supported with the addition of a focus group or depth-interview. Access and Ethical Issues Access My personal influence will be used to make contact with the relevant individuals within the sample. Further relevant regulatory bodies will be contacted by an introductory letter, outlining the purpose of the research, how they might be able to help and what would be required. Ethical Issues Since the subject area surround some ethical issues pertaining to Islamic belief research will be conducted avoiding these matters and sensitive issues will not be taken up on the research.

The New World Free Essays

The Spanish, French and English explored America and left a lasting mark on the New World’s development. Different methods of colonization were used by the Spanish, French and English. The Spanish and English had similar ways of colonization, and the French had quite a different style. We will write a custom essay sample on The New World or any similar topic only for you Order Now When he Spanish conquered the New World, they were the most wealthy and powerful of the three. The Spanish brought epidemic disease that depopulated areas over many years causing civilizations to collapse, along with brutal killings of Natives. Spanish integration with the Indians over time resulted into a modern distinction between Latinos and Spanish into a new population. Forced labor and Christianity pushed the Spanish wealth into accidental discoveries of Tobacco, Chocolate, and Vanilla Spices. The English were similar to the Spanish of their brutal behavior towards the Natives, slavery and the epidemic of disease. On discovering the America’s, a belief of new shipping lanes were formed. This proved to be an advantage for trading because it provided quicker routes. Agriculture was founded and traded due to success of using slavery. Gold, copper and the products of farming were traded and used for power. The French had a very different approach unlike the Spanish and English, as they used commerce versus conquer. Accidently being discovered while exploring, the French came across the Natives and started trading furs. This turned out to be long lasting relationship and provided a different way to cohabitate with the Native’s, instead of taking the land. The Spanish, English and French had similarities that were common. The English colonies were better fed and clothed as the French and Spanish had much larger empires. Slavery, trade routes, farming and religion were very common of all, and benefitted in establishing the New World. Faraher, J. M. , Buhle, M. J. , Czitrom, D. , Armitage, S. H. (2009). Out of Many: A History of the American People (5th ed. ). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall. How to cite The New World, Papers

Influence of marginal and absorption costing mething and their similarities Essay Example

Influence of marginal and absorption costing mething and their similarities Essay Influence OF MARGINAL A ; ABSORPTION COSTING Fringy cost is fundamentally a portion of variable cost, which includes the direct labor, Direct Material and Direct Expenses. Fringy cost should be defined as the accounting system where variable system should be charged to the cost of units and the fixed cost for the period of clip which is to the full aggregative part. Its particular value is in determination devising. Fringy cost = Variable cost + Variable Overhead The fringy cost is straight with the volume of production and fringy cost per unit is the same, which consist premier cost that is cost of direct labor, stuff and other variable operating expense. It will be incorporate the fixed cost. The fringy cost is the cost which has been incurred to bring forth an excess unit of production is called fringy cost. We will write a custom essay sample on Influence of marginal and absorption costing mething and their similarities specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Influence of marginal and absorption costing mething and their similarities specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Influence of marginal and absorption costing mething and their similarities specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Example If an organisation has produce 1000 unit at cost of ? 20,000 Where as if the addition in 1 unit i.e. 1001 unit and cost would be ? 20200 Then MARGINAL COST would be ? 200. ADVANTAGES OF MARGINAL COST Fringy cost is fundamentally have an advantages of the cost control by and large facilitated to avoiding the fixed operating expense cost and concentrated on to the keeping the consistent of fringy cost utile to assorted degrees of direction. It is fundamentally help to understand to the variable cost and fixed costs. It besides shows the relationship between the cost, monetary value and their volumes. The fringy cost would be aid to the short term net income planning by the interruption even charts and net income graph, and aid to the direction determination. With the fringy cost company can acquire maximal return to the concern. The effects of the production and gross revenues policies are more clearly seen and understand with the fringy cost. Disadvantage There are certain disadvantages would be associated with the marginal costs which are as under. It is really hard to segregate to understand the all the cost which are fundamentally misdirecting the consequence. It should be ignored the fixed cost, which show different image at the clip. The job is that the over or under the overhead cost is apportioned on estimated footing and non on the existent. The clip factor is besides play an critical function where public presentation between two period will bring forth deceptive consequences. ABSORPTION Costing Absorption cost means the cost which includes all the fabrication costs which are absorbed by the unit of green goods. On the other manus, the cost of a finished unit in stock list will include direct stuff, labor and all the variable cost and fixed fabrication operating expense. Absorption costing is contrasted with variable costing or direct costing with the other fabrication operating expense. ADVANTAGES OF ABSORPTION COSTING In soaking up costing will traveling to include all the cost which are related to the concern activities like fixed cost, variable cost and production cost. This cost is besides used for the readying of the fiscal histories when the production of the company should be remains changeless but sale would be fluctuate. DISADVANTAGES OF ABSORPTION COSTING The disadvantages of the soaking up bing would be emphasised on the entire cost i.e. variable and fixed cost. It is non utile the direction for the devising determination about the planning and controlling. An illustration show that difference between fringy cost and soaking up cost. XYZ Ltd. is being started their operation in 2008. There is certain information available for May 2008 to July 2008 about the company s production. To cipher fringy and soaking up cost. Particulars ? Selling monetary values per Unit of measurements 100 Direct Labour Per Units 20 Direct Material per Unit 10 Fixed Factory Overhead Per Months 30000 Variable Factory Overhead per Unit of measurements 5 Fixed Selling Operating expenses 1000 Variable selling Overhead per Unit of measurements 4 Budgeted activities which was expected that 2000 units to be each month green goods and sold for each month were as follows MAY June July Unit of measurement SOLD 1000 800 1300 Unit of measurement PRODUCE 1000 1300 1000 MARGINAL COST Particular MAY June July Gross saless 100000 80000 1100000 Lupus erythematosuss: Variable Cost of Goods sold ( ? 35 ) 35000 28000 385500 PRODUCT CONTRIBUTION MARGIN 65000 52000 71500 Lupus erythematosuss: Variable Selling Operating expense 4000 3200 4400 Entire CONTRIBUTION MARGIN 61000 48800 67100 Lupus erythematosuss: Fixed mill Overhead 30000 30000 30000 Fixed Selling Operating expenses 1000 1000 1000 Net Net income 30000 32800 30100 Absorption Cost Particular MAY June July Gross saless 100000 80000 1100000 LESS: Cost of Goods sold ( ?65 ) 65000 52000 71500 A A 28000 38500 Attention deficit disorder: Absorption of mill operating expense 9000 -3000 GROSS Net income 35000 37000 35500 Lupus erythematosuss: Fixed Selling Operating expense 1000 1000 1000 Variable Selling Operating expense 4000 3200 4400 Net Net income 30000 32800 30100 MARGINAL COST Vs ABSORPTION COST After utilizing the two techniques we had seen that the net net income would non be same at every clip because of following ground. Over and Under Absorption overhead cost In soaking up costing, fixed operating expense can neer absorbed precisely because of trouble in calculating cost and volume of end product. If these balance of under or over captive because of costing net income and loss history, the existent sum incurred is non shown in it, whereas fringy costing is really fixed overhead incurred in entirely charged against part which will be some difference in net net incomes. Difference in Stock Valuation In fringy costing work in advancement and finished stock are valued at fringy cost but in soaking up cost it is calculated as production cost, and that is the ground net income will be different Many of clip soaking up cost and fringy cost consequence would be find as Absorption costing net income = Marginal costing net income Absorption costing net income gt ; Marginal costing net income Absorption costing net income lt ; Marginal costing net income